The following pages contain information relating to the health hazards of gases and aerosols typically emitted during volcanic activity. Each section outlines the properties of the emission; its impacts on health; international guidelines for concentrations; and examples of concentrations and effects in volcanic contexts, including casualties.
The entire Gas Guidelines database can be downloaded here as a PDF.
Before looking at the emissions data, we recommend that you read the general introduction to volcanic gases and aerosols first. A Glossary to some of the terms used in the explanations and guidelines is also provided.
For information on a particular emission follow the link below:
- Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
- Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S)
- Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
- Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
- Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
- Particulate Matter (PM) and Aerosol
